Brazil’s central bank, Banco Central do Brasil (BCB), has proposed a ban on transferring stablecoins, such as Tether’s USDT, to self-custodial wallets like MetaMask or Trezor. This initiative, announced on November 29, 2024, is currently open for public consultation until February 28, 2025. The proposal aims to prevent stablecoin transactions from occurring outside regulated Brazilian trading platforms, thereby enhancing oversight of the foreign exchange market and regulating Brazilian capital abroad.
Industry experts express skepticism about the enforceability of such a ban. Lucien Bourdon, a Bitcoin analyst at Trezor, noted that while governments can regulate centralized exchanges, controlling peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions and decentralized platforms presents significant challenges. He suggested that if the ban is implemented, users may migrate toward decentralized platforms or P2P solutions to continue their activities.
Carol Souza, co-founder of Area Bitcoin, highlighted that Brazil has been a pioneer in regulation, enforcing strict Know Your Customer (KYC) rules and creating Pix, a system introduced in response to the rising popularity of Bitcoin. She suggested that BCB’s proposal will likely become a reality in 2025, as the central bank appears to be preparing regulations to prevent individuals from engaging in P2P stablecoin transactions.
The proposed restrictions come amid a significant depreciation of the Brazilian real against the U.S. dollar, leading citizens to increasingly hedge against their national currency by purchasing U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoins. Brazil ranks as the second-largest market globally for stablecoin transactions, with such activities accounting for 59.8% of its entire crypto market. Despite the central bank’s intentions, the effectiveness of enforcing a ban on self-custodial stablecoin transactions remains uncertain, with potential implications for the broader adoption and decentralization of cryptocurrency in the country.